Active to Passive voice in Hindi
जब किसी वाक्य में कर्ता (Subject) की अपेक्षा Object को ज्यादा महत्व दिया जाता है तब Passive Voice का प्रयोग किया जाता है, इसीलिए इसे कर्मवाच्य Passive Voice कहते हैं। यह एक महत्वपूर्ण अध्याय है, आइये इस अध्याय को अच्छे से विस्तार पूर्वक उदहारण सहित समझें।
Difference between Active and Passive voice
Active and passive दो अलग अलग शब्द हैं। जो आप tenses में पढ़ते हैं वो सब active voice में आते हैं passive voice इसके just apposite होते हैं। passive voice में object की बात की जाती हैं और active voice में subject की बात की जाती हैं।
- Active voice में कर्ता subject होता हैं और कर्म object होता हैं।
- Passive voice में कर्म subject होता हैं और कर्ता object होता हैं।
Example: –
चोर ने घड़ी चुराई। thief stole watch. (Active)
- चोर – Subject
- घड़ी – Object
घड़ी चोर द्वारा चुराई गई। The watch was stolen by the thief. (passive)
- घड़ी – subject
- चोर – Object
Rule Passive voice
Subject + helping verb + be form + V3 + by object
Pronoun
Subjective objective possessive
I me my
You You your
She her her
It it its
We us our
They them their
He him his
Who whom whose
Present indefinite
Rule
Subject + Is/am/are + V3 + Object
- Active: He takes Tea.
- Passive: Tea is taken by him.
- Active: Does he call you baby?
- Passive: Are you called baby by him?
Present continuous
Rule
Subject + is/am/are + Being + V3 + Object
- Active: Loco pilot is driving the train.
- Passive: Train is being driven by loco pilot.
- Active voice: A robot is serving food in this hotel.
- Passive voice: Food is being served by a robot in this hotel.
Present Perfect
Rule
Subject + has/has + Been + V3 + Object
- Active: Government has taken the right step.
- Passive: Right steps have been taken by govt.
- Active: I have written a story.
- Passive: A story has been written by me.
Past indefinite
Rule
Subject + was/were + V3 + Object
- Active: The police caught the thief.
- Passive: The thief was caught by the police.
- Active: He studied
- Passive: Studied by him.
Past continuous
Rule
Subject + was/were + being + V3 + object
- Active: The police are chasing the criminal.
- Passive: Criminal was being chased by police.
- Active: He was eating dinner at 9 pm.
- Passive: Dinner was being eaten at 9 pm by him.
Past perfect
Rule
Subject + had + been + V3 + object
- Active: The postman had already delivered the letters.
- Passive: The letter had already been delivered by the postman.
- Active: We had trained them well.
- Passive: They had been trained well (by us).
Future indefinite
Rule
Subject + will/shall + Be + V3 + Object
- Active: This little boy will post my letter.
- Passive: My letter will be posted by this little boy.
- Active: We Will take medicine
- Passive: Medicine will be taken by us
Future perfect
Subject + will/shall + have + been + V3 + Object
- Active: we shall have done home-task.
- Passive: Our home-task will have been taken by the patient.
- Active: He will not have abused me.
- Passive: shall not have been abused by him.
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